Introduction

This report, prepared by the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, examines trends and patterns in violation of international law from 1 April 2023 and 30 June 2024. Findings are based on over 336 interviews with victims and survivors, corroborated by satellite imagery, verified multimedia files, and credible open-source information, despite having lack of access to the country persisting. Figures of casualties likely represent an underestimation of the reality on the ground.