HC Türk on Ukraine: Alongside peace, there must be accountability

Mr. Vice-President, distinguished delegates,

The war in Ukraine is a human rights catastrophe that is growing and intensifying by the week, causing unfathomable pain to civilians, and threatening an even greater disaster across the entire region. We need urgent action to end it, in line with the UN Charter and international law.

Against a backdrop of unceasing brutality, our recent report found shocking levels of sexual violence against civilians and prisoners of war. The Russian Federation is using these abhorrent acts to torture, intimidate and coerce individuals and communities. Of more than 1,000 cases documented by my Office, 89 per cent were attributed to Russian authorities and 11 per cent to Ukraine. Most of the victims of sexual violence were men, particularly in places of detention, but women and children were also affected, primarily in occupied territory of Ukraine.

This is just one terrible manifestation of the cruelty that has come to define this war. Alongside peace, there must be accountability.

The full-scale invasion unleashed by the Russian Federation is killing and injuring hundreds of people every week, as frontlines barely move. Apartment buildings, schools, medical centres, railways, seaports, gas stations, shops and logistics and telecommunications companies have been hit in recent attacks.

The Russian Federation, as the aggressor, is inflicting immense suffering on Ukrainians. The Russian leadership should also consider what this war is doing to their own society, which is sinking deeper into fear, denial, and a militarized economy that puts death and destruction ahead of healthcare and education. I’m shocked by the lack of empathy on display.

Continuous escalation is creating a vortex of vengeance and reprisals that will have terrible consequences for people and communities for decades to come.

Across Ukraine, people are living in constant dread. Air raid alerts in Kyiv were active for 33 hours during one 48-hour period earlier this week, as missiles and drones rained down on the city.

During the first eight months of this year, we verified some 15,280 civilians killed and injured – on average, more than 400 every week, for 34 weeks. This is 55 per cent more than during the same period in 2025.

On 19 September, for example, Russian long-range drone attacks killed four civilians, including three children, in the Kyiv region. On 12 and 13 September, one civilian was killed and 63 injured in attacks involving missiles and drones in the Odesa region.

The number of civilian casualties in the Russian Federation has reportedly also increased.

During the night of 19-20 September, the Russian authorities reported that 3 people were killed and 41 injured in a major missile and drone attack in the Moscow region. My Office is unable to verify these reports fully; the authorities have not granted us access.

Short-range drones kill and injure civilians, prevent the delivery of humanitarian aid, and restrict freedom of movement. Long-range drones are constantly expanding their reach and the threat they pose to civilians.

Ukraine is a laboratory for drone warfare. We need urgent steps at the international level to deal with the carnage wrought by these weapons systems around the world.

The situation near the frontlines is a particular concern. Civilian casualties are at very high levels, caused by drone attacks, aerial bombardment, shelling, and systems that launch multiple rockets, devastating an entire area.

In the Donetsk, Kharkiv, Sumy and Zaporizhzhia regions, the use of aerial glide bombs by the Russian Federation has driven a significant increase in civilian deaths and injuries. In the first eight months of this year, these weapons killed and injured nearly 2,500 civilians –62 per cent more than during the same period last year.

An estimated two thousand people are trapped in Oleshky in desperate conditions, without running water, electricity or gas. Food deliveries have been severely disrupted, and the hospital is running out of fuel to run its generators.

Attacks on energy infrastructure and commercial property have increased sharply, in clear disregard of international humanitarian law.

Russian attacks on supermarkets and food companies are already creating temporary shortages of vegetables and dairy products in some areas. Damage to power plants causes outages that affect water pumping stations. Russian forces have repeatedly attacked transportation infrastructure, including railways, ports, border crossings and gas stations across Ukraine. As winter approaches, Ukrainians fear the worst is yet to come.

Inside the Russian Federation, Ukrainian forces have reportedly struck warehouses and logistics centres belonging to major e-commerce companies, along with oil refineries.

Russia’s continued attempts to incorporate the Ukrainian territory it occupies, most recently by holding elections there earlier this month, are another blatant violation of international law.

I am alarmed by human rights violations linked to the presence of fighters from third countries in this war. My staff have interviewed prisoners of war from 36 countries who are held by Ukraine; many said they were deceived into joining the Russian forces.

Meanwhile, the massive use of explosives and mines is polluting ecosystems and creating new environmental risks. We do not yet know the full impact of toxic chemicals on land, rivers and lakes. But it is clear that today’s reckless warmongers are oblivious to the harm they are causing future generations.

Mr. President,

The conduct of this war to date cannot be allowed to dictate its future. We need a decisive shift towards de-escalation and peace.

Rebuilding momentum towards negotiations is key. This calls for confidence-building measures, based on human rights, that could reduce the impact of hostilities on civilians.

Such measures could include an agreement to end attacks on economic targets and energy infrastructure; local ceasefires on the frontlines; enabling civilians to leave Oleshky; and a full exchange of prisoners of war, respecting the principle of non-refoulement.

These steps can be a basis for renewed efforts towards peace, grounded in human rights and in line with the UN Charter, international law, and General Assembly resolutions.

We stand in solidarity with the civilians who are bearing the brunt of this war.

To Russians, I say: This war is serving no one apart from a powerful elite, especially those with financial ties to the military. Its continuation will only lead to more shattered families and greater misery for ordinary people.

To Ukrainians, I say: We are doing everything possible to support peace with justice and accountability.

To the international community, and particularly States with influence, I say: please take urgent action to push for a negotiated peace now, before this tragedy becomes even worse.

Thank you.