Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan
Responding to the human rights and humanitarian crisis caused by the ongoing armed conflict in the Sudan, the Human Rights Council, on 11 October 2023, through resolution A/HRC/RES/54/2 decided to establish an independent international fact-finding mission for the Sudan to investigate and establish the facts, circumstances and root causes of all alleged human rights violations and abuses and violations of international humanitarian law, including those committed against refugees, and related crimes in the context of the ongoing armed conflict that began on 15 April 2023, between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces, as well as other warring parties. The Council extended the Fact-Finding Mission’s mandate for one year in October 2024 through resolution A/HRC/RES/57/2, and for an additional year in October 2025 through resolution A/HRC/RES/60/3, requesting the Mission to:
- Provide the Human Rights Council with an oral update on its work at its 62nd session (June-July 2026), to be followed by an enhanced interactive dialogue.
- Provide a comprehensive report at its 63rd session (September-October 2026), to be followed by an interactive dialogue.
- Present the report to the General Assembly at its 81st session (October 2026), to be followed by an interactive dialogue.
During a special session of the Human Rights Council on the human rights situation in and around El Fasher, in the context of the ongoing conflict in the Sudan, held on 14 November 2025, the Council adopted resolution A/HRC/RES/S-38/1, the Council requesting the Fact-Finding Mission to:
- Conduct an urgent inquiry into the recent violations and abuses of international human rights law and violations of international humanitarian law allegedly committed in and around El Fasher;
- Identify, where possible, all those for whom there are reasonable grounds to believe that they are responsible for alleged violations and abuses of international human rights law in and around El Fasher and to support efforts to ensure that the perpetrators of alleged abuses and violations are held accountable;
- Give due regard to ensuring the complementarity of its efforts with those of other actors, including independent national accountability efforts and regional investigations;
- Present a report on the findings of its inquiry to the Council at its 61st session (February-April 2026), followed by an enhanced interactive dialogue.
On 6 July 2026, resolution A/HRC/62/L.48 was adopted following an urgent debate on the situation in El Obeid, held before the Human Rights Council on 3 July 2026. This resolution:
- Requests the Fact-Finding Mission to conduct, within its existing resources, an urgent inquiry into any violations and abuses of international human rights law and violations of international humanitarian law and related international crimes, allegedly committed in and around El Obeid in the context of the ongoing conflict in the Sudan;
- Encourages the fact-finding mission to update the Human Rights Council on this inquiry during the interactive dialogue at its sixty-third session and to update the General Assembly during the interactive dialogue at its eighty-first session.
Mandate
In accordance with Human Rights Council resolution A/HRC/RES/54/2 the Fact-Finding mission is provided with the following mandate :
- To investigate and establish the facts, circumstances and root causes of all alleged human rights violations and abuses and violations of international humanitarian law, including those committed against refugees, and related crimes in the context of the ongoing armed conflict that began on 15 April 2023, between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces, as well as other warring parties;
- To collect, consolidate and analyse evidence of such violations and abuses, including those affecting women and children, and to systematically record and preserve all information, documentation and evidence, including interviews, witness testimony and forensic material, consistent with international best practices, in view of any future legal proceedings;
- To document and verify relevant information and evidence, including through field engagement, and to cooperate with judicial and other entities, as appropriate;
- To identify, where possible, those individuals and entities responsible for violations or abuses of human rights or violations of international humanitarian law, or other related crimes, in the Sudan, with a view to ensuring that those responsible are held accountable;
- To make recommendations, in particular on accountability measures, all with a view to ending impunity and addressing its root causes, and ensuring accountability, including, as appropriate, individual criminal responsibility, and access to justice for victims;
- To cooperate and share best practice with other international, regional and domestic accountability initiatives, as and when these are established, as appropriate;
- To cooperate and share best practice with other international, regional and domestic accountability initiatives, as and when these are established, as appropriate;
Cooperation
The Human Rights Council, through resolutions 54/2 and 57/2 and 60/3 , has requested the Fact-Finding Mission, with due consideration of distinctive mandates and practicability, to coordinate, cooperate, ensure complementarity of efforts with, and draw on the expertise of a range of stakeholders. In the implementation of its mandate, the Fact-Finding Mission therefore welcomes cooperation with all stakeholders in furthering its mandate, including civil society organizations. To this end, the Fact-Finding Mission has developed a Terms of Reference and Guidance for Civil Society Organizations and Other Stakeholders seeking to Cooperate with the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan. Its Secretariat is also available for further inquiries through email at ffmsudan@un.org.
Terms of Reference and Guidance for Civil Society Organizations and Other Stakeholders seeking to Cooperate with the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan
العربية | English
Call for Submissions
The Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan invites all interested individuals, groups and organizations to submit information and documentation of relevance to any violations, abuses and related crimes committed in the context of the ongoing armed conflict that began on 15 April 2023, between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces, as well as other warring parties, in particular on recent violations and abuses allegedly committed. It appreciates receiving relevant information and documentation at any time, however, for consideration during the current reporting cycle the deadline for submissions is 31 July 2026.
All interested parties are requested to read through the call for submissions and complete the submission form for each submission to be sent to the Fact-Finding Mission. All submissions should be sent to submissions-ffmsudan@un.org. For alternative submission arrangements for sensitive information and all queries, please contact the Secretariat by email at ffmsudan@un.org.
Please follow this link for more information.
Members
- Mohamed Chande Othman, chair (Tanzania)
- Joy Ngozi Ezeilo (Nigeria)
- Mona Rishmawi (Palestine/Jordan/Switzerland)
Press releases
Press releases
Sudan: External support networks are fuelling conflict and civilian harm, UN Fact-Finding Mission warns
Sudan: Mass killings, abductions, and gang rape carried out in El Fasher constitute distinct markers of genocide, UN Fact-Finding Mission says as it launches urgent inquiry into El Obeid
Sudan: Arbitrary detention, torture and enforced disappearances fueling civilian protection crisis, UN Fact-Finding Mission says
Joint Declaration on Sudan - Adopted by the Joint Fact-Finding Mission of the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Human Rights Situation in the Sudan and the United Nations Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan
Sudan: On third anniversary of conflict, UN and ACHPR-AU Fact-Finding Missions jointly warn of escalating violence and heightened risk of further atrocity crimes
Sudan: Evidence in El-Fasher reveals genocidal campaign, targeting non-Arab communities, UN Fact-Finding Mission says
Sudan: Concerned about the plight of civilians in El Fasher, UN Experts urge immediate protection measures and an end to impunity
Sudan: UN Fact-Finding Mission urges immediate action after deadly mosque strike in El Fasher
“A war of atrocities:” Sudan civilians deliberately targeted, UN Fact-Finding Mission reports international crimes on large-scale
Statements
Statement by Mohamed Chande Othman, Chair of the Fact-Finding Mission, at the 63rd session of the Human Rights Council
7 September 2026
العربية | English
Statement by Mona Rishmawi, Expert Member of the UN Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan, to the Human Rights Council: Urgent debate to address the human rights situation in and around El Obeid, North Kordofan, in the context of the ongoing conflict in the Sudan
3 July 2026
العربية | English
Statement by Mohamed Chande Othman, Chair of the Fact-Finding Mission, at the 62nd session of the Human Rights Council
15 June 2026
العربية | English
Statement by Mohamed Chande Othman, Chair of the Fact-Finding Mission, at the 60th session of the Human Rights Council
26 February 2026
العربية | English
Statement by Mona Rishmawi, Expert Member of the UN Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan, to the 38th Special Session of the Human Rights Council on the human rights situation in and around El-Fasher
14 November 2025
العربية | English
Statement by Joy Ngozi Ezeilo, Expert Member of the Fact-Finding Mission, to the , 3rd Committee of the UN General Assembly’s 80th session in New York
30 October 2025
العربية | English
Statement by Mohamed Chande Othman, Chair of the Fact-Finding Mission, at the 60th session of the Human Rights Council
9 September 2025
العربية | English
Statement by Fact-Finding Mission, at the 59th session of the Human Rights Council
17 June 2025
العربية | English
Accelerating Action for Sudanese Women Amid Conflict - Statement by the UN Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan
7 March 2025
العربية | English
Statement by Mohamed Chande Othman, Chair of the Fact-Finding Mission, at the 57th session of the Human Rights Council
10 September 2024
العربية | English
Statement by Mohamed Chande Othman, Chair of the Fact-Finding Mission, at the 56th session of the Human Rights Council
18 June 2024
العربية | English
Reports
Fuelling Sudan’s conflict: weapons, fighters and external support networks (A/HRC/63/23)
1 September 2026 (Published 3 September 2026)
English | Arabic
And for the supplementary information: Supplementary information to the report of the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan (A/HRC/63/23)
English | Arabic
Information Supplementing the Report “Sudan: hallmarks of genocide in El Fasher” (A/HRC/62/CRP.4)
8 July 2026
English | Arabic (Unofficial translation)
Sudan : hallmarks of genocide in El Fasher : report of the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan (A/HRC/61/77)
17 February 2026 (Publication date 19 February 2026)
English | Arabic
Paths to justice : accountability for atrocities in the Sudan / Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan (A/HRC/60/CRP.7)
24 October 2025 (Issued 30 October 2025)
English | Arabic
Sudan : a war of atrocities : report of the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan (A/HRC/60/22)
22 September 2025
English |Supplementary Information | Arabic
Findings of the investigations conducted by the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan into violations of international human rights law and international humanitarian law, and related crimes, committed in the Sudan in the context of the conflict that erupted in mid-April 2023
(A/HRC/57/CRP.6)
23 October 2024 (Issued 29 October 2024)
English | Arabic
Infographic: Relevant facts and findings on the conflict
September 2024
English | Arabic | French
Report of the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan (A/HRC/57/23)
7 November 2024
English | Arabic
Documentation
Human Rights Council resolution A/HRC/RES/57/2: Responding to the human rights and humanitarian crisis caused by the ongoing armed conflict in the Sudan.
Human Rights Council resolution A/HRC/RES/54/2: Responding to the human rights and humanitarian crisis caused by the ongoing armed conflict in the Sudan.
Human Rights Council resolution A/HRC/RES/60/3: Responding to the human rights and humanitarian crisis caused by the ongoing armed conflict in the Sudan.
Human Rights Council resolution A/HRC/RES/S-38/1: Human rights situation in and around El Fasher, in the context of the ongoing conflict in the Sudan.
Photos
Fact-Finding Mission in Abeche, Chad, 5 July 2024
Videos
Statement by Fact-Finding Mission Chair Mohamed Chande Othman to the 56th Session of the Human Rights Council, 18 June 2024
Fact-Finding Mission Press Conference, Geneva, 6 September 2024
What Is the Mandate of the UN Fact Finding Mission? (English version)
What Is the Mandate of the UN Fact Finding Mission? (Arabic version)
Press Conference in Geneva by the Sudan Fact-Finding Mission, 17 June 2025.
Oral Update to the 59th Session of the Human Rights Council in Geneva, 17 June 2025
Fact-Finding Mission Press Conference, Geneva, 9 September 2025
Statement by Fact-Finding Mission Chair Mohamed Chande Othman to the 60th Session of the Human Rights Council, 9 September 2025
Statement by Joy Ngozi Ezeilo, Expert Member of the Sudan Fact-Finding Mission, to the 3rd Committee of the UN General Assembly’s 80th session in New York, 30 October 2025
Press Conference by FFM Sudan in New York, 30 October 2025
Statement by Mona Rishmawi of the Sudan Fact-Finding Mission to the 38th Special Session of the Human Rights Council, 14 November 2025
Press Conference in Geneva by the Sudan Fact-Finding Mission, 19 February 2026
Statement by Mohamed Chande Othman, Chair of the Sudan Fact-Finding Mission, to the Human Rights Council's 61st session, 26 February 2026
Statement by Mohamed Chande Othman, Chair of the Sudan Fact-Finding Mission, to the Human Rights Council's 63rd session, 7 September 2026
Contact
For general queries, or to submit information, please contact:
Email: ffmsudan@un.org
For media queries, please contact:
Todd Pitman
Media Adviser, Investigative Bodies:
Email: todd.pitman@un.org
Cell: +41 76 691 1761